Exudate is a general term for discharge such as blood, pus, excess saliva, or mix. Usually in periodontal (gum) charting, documentation of exudate is required indicating disease.
When a dentist or hygienist performs a periodontal probing to measure your gum attachments, he/she needs to record if a particular site has exudate. Bleeding upon probing is very indicative of gum disease as well as numbers greater than 4 mm which mean the gums are losing attachment to the tooth and possible irreversible bone damage has occured.
Follow your trusted dentist and hygienist's recommendations such as deep cleaning, periodontal maintenance, medications, and hygiene aids such as waterpik, proxybrush, and motorized toothbrushes.
For some hungry dentists and hygienists, they may falsely document greater readings and exudate to extort more money and treatment because deep cleanings can be expensive.